Amakuru ku nganda: Inzu ya mbere yo gushushanya ya santimetero 12 muri Danemark yarangiye

“Dukoresheje ubu buryo, dushobora guhuza umusaruro w’ibikoresho mu nzu, bigatuma dukora ubushakashatsi n’iterambere neza tudashingiye ku zindi sosiyete hirya no hino ku isi kugira ngo tubikore,” ibi byavuzwe na Peter Krogstroup, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NQCP akaba n’umwarimu muri Niels Bohr Institute. “Byongeye kandi, bidufasha guhindura mu buryo butaziguye ikoranabuhanga ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere mu musaruro munini—ibyo bikaba bigirira akamaro twe ubwacu ndetse na Danemark n’inganda zose.”

Yongeyeho ati: “Dufite icyifuzo gikomeye cy’udupira twa 300mm mu Burayi. Tuzashobora gutanga ibikoresho byihuse ku nganda nini n’udupira duto twa 300mm dufite ibikoresho bigezweho kuko dushobora gukata ibice byatwo kugira ngo bihuze n’ingano yatwo nto.”

Biteganyijwe ko Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga cya POEM kizatangira gukora neza mu mwaka umwe, icyo gihe kizaba gikora ku bwinshi ibyuma bya silikoni na silikoni bikingira. Krogstrup na bagenzi be bazakoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Riber rigezweho rya epitaxial kugira ngo bakure imiterere ya strontium titanate (STO) na barium titanate (BTO) ku bikoresho bya wafer kugira ngo hakorwe ibikoresho bipima amashanyarazi, ibyohereza, n’ibiyobora umuraba—ibice by’ingenzi byo guhuza urubuga rwa fotoni n’imirongo igoye ya quantum.

Krogstrom yavuze ko ibikoresho bya mbere by’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bizaba byateguwe mu mpera z’uyu mwaka. Kuri ubu, we na bagenzi be barimo kubaka ibikorwa remezo byuzuye byo gukora uduce duto, birimo gukora uduce duto, gukata uduce duto, no gukata uduce duto. Ikigo kizaba ari umurongo w’igerageza wo gukora uduce duto n’ikigo cyo gushushanya uduce duto. Yagize ati: "Tuzashobora gukora vuba ibikoresho bito ku duce duto hanyuma tugaha utundi duce ku muntu wese ubyifuza." Muri icyo gihe, tuzakora ubushakashatsi bugamije guteza imbere inyubako zigezweho."

Yongeyeho ati: "Ubu tuzakomeza mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere kugeza igihe tuzabonera uburyo bwiza bwo kubaka ibice bikenewe mu kubara kwantumu, ari na byo twibandaho cyane."

Krogstrup yiteze ko udushya mu Kigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga cya POEM tuzafasha NQCP kugera ku ntego zayo zo kubara quantum zidashobora gukosa vuba: “Muri NQCP, dufite itsinda rinini ry’ibikoresho byikora rishobora kugenzura no kugena imiterere ya wafer yose. Ibikoresho byacu n’amatsinda yacu y’ibikoresho bya qubit byashyizeho uburyo bushobora gutanga vuba imiterere y’ibikoresho n’ibitekerezo by’ubwiza. Kubwibyo, dukoresheje ubwo buryo bwo guhuza ubu buryo na POEM, tuzagira umurongo wose ufunze w’amafoto yo mu gace n’iterambere rya quantum chip.”

Ibigo byinshi by'ingenzi byo muri Danemark, birimo Ikigo cy'Igihugu cya Kaminuza ya Tekiniki cya Danemark gishinzwe gukora no kugaragaza ibimenyetso (DTU Nanolab) na NATO North Atlantike Defense Innovation Accelerator (DIANA), byitabiriye uyu mushinga. DIANA ishyigikira ikoranabuhanga ryimbitse rigizwe n'ibintu bibiri, harimo ikoranabuhanga rya quantum na fotonique, haba mu bucuruzi no mu burinzi. Krogstrop yagize ati: "Ibyinshi mu bikoresho byacu bya optique modulators na fotonique integrated circuits bizafasha mu gukora sensors (z'ubucuruzi) no gutunganya amakuru."

Icy'ingenzi ni uko ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cya POEM gihuza n'ingamba zagutse z'i Burayi zo kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki byo muri Amerika no muri Aziya. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri Danemark, Novo Nordisk Foundation n'Ikigega cy'Ishoramari ryo Kohereza Ibicuruzwa muri Danemark bashyize hamwe miliyoni 80 z'amayero mu mushinga wa QuNorth, bagamije gushyiraho mudasobwa ya quantum yo mu gisekuru gitaha cya Danemark. Bashyigikiwe n'itegeko ry'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki, havutse ubufatanye bwinshi hagati ya leta n'abikorera ku giti cyabo, bugamije gukuba kabiri umugabane w'Uburayi mu musaruro wa semiconductor ku isi ukagera kuri 20% mu 2030. Muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, Komisiyo y'Uburayi yatanze igitekerezo cy'ingamba za quantum zirimo gushyiraho ibigo byo gushushanya quantum n'imirongo y'igerageza yo gukora ibikoresho bya quantum, bigamije gufasha Uburayi kuba umuyobozi ku isi muri uru rwego mu 2030.

Krogstrop yagize ati: "Muri ibi bihe bidasobanutse neza, aho tutazi abo dushobora kwiringira, twese dushishikajwe n'ubwigenge mu ikoranabuhanga. Kugira ahantu henshi mu Burayi ni ingirakamaro, kandi POEM ni ingenzi cyane kuko urwego rw'ubuhanga mu gufotora (photonics) rurimo gutera imbere."

Yongeyeho ati: "Kuri ubu, nta mirongo ikora ibikoresho i Burayi ishobora guhaza icyifuzo cy'ibikoresho byacu bya STO na BTO biri imbere. Imec mu Bubiligi nayo irimo kwagura imirongo yayo ikora ibikoresho. Ubu bushobozi bushya buzaba ingirakamaro cyane."

Mu gihe arebye imbere, Krogstrom yiteze ko Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga cya POEM kizakorana n’inganda zikora ibikoresho bya wafer bya 300mm hirya no hino mu Burayi. Yizeye kandi gukorana n’inganda zikora ibikoresho bya wafer bya 300mm mu turere twa kure, ndetse na GlobalFoundries muri Amerika na TSMC muri Tayiwani, mu nzego zikora ibikoresho bya fotoniki bigezweho n’ibikoresho bya quantum. Yagize ati: "Urugero, ikoranabuhanga rya quantum rizagira uruhare runini mu gihe mudasobwa za quantum zizaba zitangiye gukora ibikoresho byinshi."

Kubwibyo, kuva ubu kugeza mu 2030, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NQCP na bagenzi be bazibanda ku guteza imbere Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga cya POEM kikajya mu rwego rw’igihugu rw’ikoranabuhanga rya quantum na fotonic chip. Krogstrop yagize ati: “Tuzakomeza gukora nk’igice cy’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima (mpuzamahanga), kuko nta muntu wabikora wenyine… ariko twizeye gukorana cyane n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye n’ibigo by’ibikoresho bigira uruhare mu ikoranabuhanga rya 300mm.” Riber ni yo sosiyete ya mbere yaduhuje, ariko tuzubaka ikigo kinini (ikigo) cy’andi masosiyete kugira ngo aze guteza imbere ibicuruzwa byayo bigezweho n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.”