Ubwoko bushya bwa terahertz multiplexer bwikubye kabiri ubushobozi bw'amakuru kandi bwongereye cyane itumanaho rya 6G hamwe n'uburyo bwo gutakaza amakuru butigeze bubaho mbere na mbere ndetse n'igihombo gito cy'amakuru.
Abashakashatsi bashyizeho uburyo bwa "super-wide band terahertz multiplexer" bukuba kabiri ubushobozi bw'amakuru kandi bugatera imbere cyane kuri 6G no hanze yayo. (Ifoto ikomoka kuri: Getty Images)
Itumanaho rikoresha insinga zo mu gisekuru gitaha, rihagarariwe n'ikoranabuhanga rya terahertz, risezeranya guhindura uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru.
Izi sisitemu zikora kuri frequencies za terahertz, zitanga bandwidth idasanzwe yo kohereza amakuru no gutumanaho byihuta cyane. Ariko, kugira ngo iyi bushobozi igerweho byuzuye, imbogamizi zikomeye za tekiniki zigomba kugerwaho, cyane cyane mu gucunga no gukoresha neza spectrum ihari.
Iterambere rikomeye ryakemuye iki kibazo: imashini ya mbere ya terahertz polarization (de)multiplexer yakozwe ku rubuga rwa silikoni rudafite substrate.
Iyi miterere mishya igamije gukoresha sub-terahertz J band (220-330 GHz) kandi igamije guhindura itumanaho rya 6G n'ibindi. Iyi mashini yongera ubushobozi bw'amakuru inshuro ebyiri mu gihe ikomeza gutakaza amakuru make, bityo igatanga inzira yo gukoresha imiyoboro ya wireless yihuta kandi ikora neza.
Itsinda riri inyuma y’iyi ntambwe ririmo Porofeseri Withawat Withayachumnankul wo mu Ishuri ry’Ubwubatsi bw’Amashanyarazi n’Ubwubatsi rya Kaminuza ya Adelaide, Dr. Weijie Gao, ubu ukora ubushakashatsi ku bya nyuma y’impamyabumenyi muri Kaminuza ya Osaka, na Porofeseri Masayuki Fujita.
Porofeseri Withayachumnankul yagize ati: "Uburyo bwo gupima amakuru hakoreshejwe polarization butuma amakuru menshi yoherezwa icyarimwe mu murongo umwe w'amakuru, bigatuma ubushobozi bw'amakuru bwikuba kabiri." Ubunini bw'amakuru bugerwaho n'igikoresho ntabwo bukigera bugaragara mu byiciro byose by'amakuru, bugaragaza intambwe ikomeye ku makuru akoreshwa mu gupima amakuru.
Ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa polarization ni ingenzi mu itumanaho rigezweho kuko bituma ibimenyetso byinshi bisangirwa umurongo umwe w’itumanaho, bikongera cyane ubushobozi bw’imiyoboro.
Iyi mashini nshya ibigeraho ikoresheje uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere y’urukiramende (conical directional couplers) hamwe n’uburyo bwo gufunga imiterere y’urukiramende bukoreshwa mu buryo bwa anisotropic. Ibi bice byongera uburyo bwo gufunga imiterere y’urukiramende, bigatuma habaho ikigereranyo cyo gucika kw’urukiramende (PER) kinini ndetse n’uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza itumanaho ry’urukiramende (wide bandwidth)—ibintu by’ingenzi biranga sisitemu y’itumanaho ya terahertz ikora neza.
Bitandukanye n'imiterere gakondo ishingiye ku miyoboro y'amazi igoye kandi idafite ingano ishingiye ku miyoboro, iyi multiplexer nshya ikoresha uburyo bwo gupfunyika bwa anisotropic bufite ingano nto gusa. Ubu buryo bukoresha neza bandwidth ihagije itangwa n'udukingirizo tw'inyuguti.
Ibisubizo ni bandwidth y’igice hafi ya 40%, PER irenga 20 dB, n’igihombo gito cyo kwinjira cya dB 1. Ibi bipimo by’imikorere biruta cyane ibyari bisanzweho mu miterere y’amatara na mikoroonde, akenshi bihura n’intera ntoya kandi bigatakaza byinshi.
Akazi k'itsinda ry'abashakashatsi ntikongerera gusa imikorere myiza ya sisitemu za terahertz, ahubwo gashyiraho n'urufatiro rw'igihe gishya mu itumanaho ridafite umugozi. Dr. Gao yagize ati: "Ubu bushya ni ingenzi mu gutuma itumanaho rya terahertz rirushaho kuba ryiza." Porogaramu zirimo gukoresha amashusho yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ukuri kwaguweho, n'imiyoboro ya telefoni igendanwa yo mu gisekuru gitaha nka 6G.
Uburyo gakondo bwo gucunga polarization ya terahertz, nka orthogonal mode transducers (OMTs) zishingiye ku miyoboro y'icyuma ifite urukiramende, zihura n'imbogamizi zikomeye. Imiyoboro y'icyuma ifite igihombo cya ohmic cyiyongera ku miyoboro yo hejuru, kandi inzira zo kuyikora ziragoye bitewe n'ibisabwa bikomeye bya geometrike.
Ibikoresho byo gupima imiterere y’urumuri, harimo n’ibikoresha interferometer za Mach-Zehnder cyangwa kristu za photonic, bitanga ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza no kugabanya igihombo ariko akenshi bisaba gutandukana hagati y’uburyo bwo gupima uburebure bw’urumuri, ubucucike, n’uburyo bugoye bwo gukora.
Udukoresho two guhuza icyerekezo dukoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu z'urumuri kandi dukenera ubwinshi bukomeye bwa polarization kugira ngo tugere ku bunini buto na PER iri hejuru. Ariko, tugengwa n'uburyo bandwidth iciriritse hamwe n'uburyo bwo kwihanganira ubushobozi bwo gukora.
Iyi multiplexer nshya ihuza ibyiza byo guhuza imiterere y’urukiramende hamwe n’uburyo bwo guhuza neza, birenga izi mbogamizi. Uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere y’urukiramende bufite imiterere ibiri, butuma habaho PER nyinshi mu buryo bwagutse. Iri hame ry’igishushanyo mbonera rigaragaza ko ritandukanye n’uburyo gakondo, ritanga igisubizo gishoboka kandi gifatika cyo guhuza terahertz.
Igerageza ryo kwemeza multiplexer ryemeza imikorere yaryo idasanzwe. Iyi mashini ikora neza mu rugero rwa 225-330 GHz, ikaba ifite bandwidth ya 37.8% mu gihe igumana PER iri hejuru ya 20 dB. Ingano yayo ntoya kandi ijyanye n'uburyo busanzwe bwo kuyikora bituma ikoreshwa mu buryo butangaje.
Dr. Gao yagize ati: "Ubu buryo bushya ntibunongera gusa imikorere ya sisitemu z'itumanaho za terahertz, ahubwo bunatanga inzira yo gushyiraho imiyoboro y'itumanaho ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ikomeye."
Ikoreshwa ry'iri koranabuhanga rishobora kugera kure y’uburyo bw’itumanaho. Mu kunoza ikoreshwa rya spectrum, multiplexer ishobora guteza imbere amashami nka radar, imaging, na internet y’ibintu. Porofeseri Withayachumnankul yagize ati: "Mu myaka icumi ishize, twiteze ko iri koranabuhanga rya terahertz rizakoreshwa cyane kandi rigahuzwa mu nganda zitandukanye."
Iyi multiplexer ishobora kandi guhuzwa neza n'ibikoresho byakozwe n'itsinda byakozwe mbere, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza y'itumanaho kuri platform imwe. Uku guhuza kw'ibi bigaragaza uburyo platform ifite imikorere myiza kandi ikora neza yo kuyobora amashanyarazi.
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bw’itsinda byasohotse mu kinyamakuru Laser & Photonic Reviews, bishimangira akamaro kabyo mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya photonic terahertz. Porofeseri Fujita yagize ati: "Mu gutsinda inzitizi zikomeye za tekiniki, iri shyashya ryitezweho gutera amatsiko n’ibikorwa by’ubushakashatsi muri urwo rwego."
Abashakashatsi bateganya ko akazi kabo kazatuma habaho ikoreshwa rishya no kunoza ikoranabuhanga mu myaka iri imbere, amaherezo bikazatuma habaho imiterere n'ibicuruzwa by'ubucuruzi.
Iyi multiplexer ni intambwe ikomeye mu kuzamura ubushobozi bw'itumanaho rya terahertz. Ishyiraho urugero rushya rw'ibikoresho bya terahertz bihujwe hamwe n'ibipimo byabyo by'imikorere bitigeze bibaho.
Uko icyifuzo cy’imiyoboro y’itumanaho yihuta kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru gikomeza kwiyongera, udushya nk’utwo tuzagira uruhare runini mu gushyiraho ahazaza h’ikoranabuhanga ritagira insinga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 16-2024