Bisaba intambwe eshatu kugirango uhuze inzovu muri firigo. Nigute uhuza ikirundo cyumucanga muri mudasobwa?
Birumvikana, ibyo duvuga hano ntabwo ari umusenyi ku mucanga, ariko umucanga wa fatije rukoreshwa mugukora chip. "Gucukura umucanga kugirango ukore chip" bisaba inzira igoye.
Intambwe ya 1: Shaka ibikoresho fatizo
Birakenewe guhitamo umucanga ukwiye nkibikoresho fatizo. Ikintu nyamukuru gigize umucanga usanzwe nacyo cya dioxyde delicon (Sio₂), ariko Gukora Chip Ese ibisabwa byingenzi cyane ku isuku ya dioxyde ya silicon. Kubwibyo, quarz umucanga ufite isuku yo hejuru kandi ntangarugero nkeya yatoranijwe muri rusange.
Intambwe ya 2: Guhindura ibikoresho fatizo
Gukuramo ultra-yera siliconi yera kumusenyi, umucanga agomba kuvangwa n'ifu ya Magnesium, ashyushye ku bushyuhe bwinshi, na dioxyde delicon yagabanije kuri siliconi nziza binyuze mu kugabanya imiti. Noneho irahanagurwa binyuze mubindi bikorwa bya chimique kugirango ubone silicon yicyiciro cya elegitoroniki ifite ubuziranenge kugeza 99.999999%.
Ubukurikira, icyapa cya elegitoronike kigomba gukorwa muri silicon imwe ya kirisiti kugirango ibe ubunyangamugayo bwa kirisiti itungamikorere. Ibi bikorwa no gushyushya muri Silicon yo hejuru muri leta yashongeshejwe, hanyuma ushyiraho buhoro buhoro kandi ukayikuramo ingot imwe ya silicon.
Hanyuma, ingot imwe ya silicon yaciwe muri wafers yoroheje cyane ukoresheje insinga ya diyama yabonetse kandi wafers isukuye kugirango irekurwe neza kandi atagira inenge.
Intambwe ya 3: Igikorwa cyo gukora
Silicon nigice cyingenzi cyabatunganya mudasobwa. Abatekinisiye bakoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu misozi nko gukora amafoto yo gufotora kugira ngo bakore inshuro nyinshi amafoto hamwe n'intambwe zo gukora imizunguruko n'ibikoresho kuri wafers ya Silicon, nk '"kubaka inzu." Buri Silicon Wafer irashobora kwakira amajana cyangwa ibihumbi.
Ifuro noneho yohereza ibiranda byarangiye ku ruganda ruteguwe mbere, aho diyama yabonye kugabanya isaha ya silicon mu bihumbi byibihumbi ku giti cye ingano y'urutoki, buri kimwe muricyo ari chip. Noneho, imashini itondekanya ihitamo chip yujuje ibisabwa, amaherezo iyindi imashini ibashyira kuri reel kandi yoherereza igihingwa cyo gupakira no kugerageza.
Intambwe ya 4: Gupakira Byanyuma
Mu kigo gipakiye no kwipimisha, abatekinisiye bakora ibizamini bya nyuma kuri buri chip kugirango barebe ko bakora neza kandi biteguye gukoreshwa. Niba chips itambutsa ikizamini, zishyizwe hagati yubushyuhe hamwe na substrate kugirango ukore paki yuzuye. Ibi ni nko gushira "igikoma kikingira" kuri chip; Ipaki yo hanze irinda chip yangiritse, kwishyuza, no kwanduza. Imbere muri mudasobwa, iyi paki irema amashanyarazi hagati ya chip na orkiit.
Nko, ubwoko bwose bwibicuruzwa bitwara Isi Yuzuye irarangiye!
Intel no gukora
Muri iki gihe, guhindura ibikoresho fatizo mubintu byingirakamaro cyangwa bifite agaciro binyuze mubyo gukora ni umushoferi wingenzi mubukungu bwisi. Gutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi hamwe nibikoresho bike cyangwa bike byamasaha-kumubiri no kunoza imikorere yakazi birashobora kongera agaciro k'ibicuruzwa. Mugihe ibigo bitanga ibicuruzwa byinshi ku kigero cyihuse, inyungu mu rubanza rw'ubucuruzi rwiyongera.
Gukora ni intangiriro ya Intel.
Intel ituma semici ya semiconductor, ibishushanyo mbonera, ibinyomoro byabana, nibindi bikoresho byo kubara. Mugihe inganda za semiconductor ziba ingorabahizi, Intel nimwe mumasosiyete make kwisi ashobora kuzuza ibishushanyo mbonera no gukora murugo.
Kuva mu 1968, injeniyeri n'abahanga muganga batsinze imbora z'umubiri zo gupakira cyane kandi benshi mu bapaki kurushaho kandi nto. Kugera kuri iyi ntego bisaba itsinda rinini ryisi yose, riyobora ibikorwa remezo byuruganda, hamwe nurubuga rukomeye.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Semiconductor ya Intel rigenda neza buri myaka mike. Nkuko byahanuwe namategeko ya Moore, buri gisekuru cyibisekuru kizana ibintu byinshi n'imikorere myiza, biteza imbere imbaraga, kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyumusemburo umwe. Intel ifite ibizamini byinshi byo gukora no gupakira ibizamini kwisi, bikorera mumiyoboro ihindagurika cyane kwisi.
Gukora no kubaho buri munsi
Gukora ni ngombwa mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ibintu dukoraho, twishingikirije, kwishimira no kurya burimunsi bisaba gukora.
Muri make, udahinduye ibikoresho fatizo mubintu bigoye cyane, nta shusho, ibinyabiziga, ibinyabiziga, nibindi bicuruzwa bituma ubuzima bukora neza, umutekano, kandi byoroshye.
Igihe cyagenwe: Feb-03-2025